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Foot Types |
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The human foot can be subdivided into three major classifications based on arch type: "flat planus foot" or low arched foot, a medium arched foot and a high arched or "cavus foot".
High arch
Referred to as a "pes cavus" foot features an extremely elevated arch. These feet are "supinated" with the heel and toes turning slightly inward and are usually rigid or semi rigid. The resulting poor shock absorption can lead to repetitive stress problems, including pain in the knees, hips and lower back. Foot problems often develop in the heel and forefoot such as plantar fasciitis, arch strain, metatarsalgia and claw toes.
Medium or Regular arch
Individuals with medium arch feet have a higher arch than a flat foot and are usually biomechanically efficient. However, individuals with medium arches are still susceptible to pain and other problems as a result of everyday stress and strain.
Low arch
"Pes planus" is a condition where the arch is reduced or not present and the entire soles of the feet touch the ground. Low arch feet are typically flexible, over-pronated feet in which the foot rolls inward and the arch collapses under the weight of the body. Extra support is required. As a result, over pronation often leads to plantar fasciitis heel spurs, medial knee discomfort, posterior tibial tendonitis (shin splints) and/or bunions. |
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